In vivo evaluation of β-CS/n-HA with different physical properties as a new bone graft material.

Abstract

Natural polymer composite materials are becoming increasingly important as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Composite materials based on combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics, including CTS and Hap. β-Chitosan/n-HA composite with different percentages was prepared. Some of the physical and mechanical properties were examined by using (scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope). Histological evaluation of in vivo implantation of β-Chitosan/n-HA composite as bone graft material was done. β-type chitosan was obtained through a modified procedure from squid pens (Loligo vulgaris). It was used in combination with different proportions of nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA), to develop new series of β-CS/n-HA nanocomposites. Sample were obtained in a powder form with the ratio of 30 CH to 70% nHA. The product was implanted in the femoral condyle of the animals (adult rabbits). Compact strength was 13.05 MPa for the weight ratio of 30/70. Histological examinations showed that the implant not only biological compatible but also its presence promotes and accelerate bone growth. The composite β-CS/HPa (30/70) as biodegradable bone substitute that not only enhance bone generation but also accelerate the formation of Haversian system. We used the composite in a powder form and examined its suitability as artificial bone graft; yet the mechanical properties have shown that 30/70 ratio of β-CS/HPa offer suitable mechanical strength to be employed as a solid-shaped implants.