Abstract
Biochip technology has enjoyed rapid growth in a wide variety of research fields including genome, proteome and pharmaceutical in recent years. This rapid progress may be partially attributed to substantial research efforts on the improvement of biochip fabrication technology, which has greatly enhanced the sensitivity and reproducibility of biochips. On the other hand, rigorous research efforts have been made toward the development of a broad spectrum of microprobes, including DNA microarrays, protein microarrays, antibody microarrays and chemical microarrays, for both basic research and clinical diagnosis. It should be noted however that almost all of these biochips are designed for in vitro testing, screening or diagnosis. Despite their prospective use as powerful tools for basic medical research and medical diagnosis, the potential use of biochip technology for in vivo diagnosis has yet to be studied in depth.
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