Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill [OFI] has been traditionally used to reduce inflammation. This plant possesses a varied composition of phytochemicals such as flavonoids. The aim of this investigation was to study the anti-inflammatory effects of an OFI extract and two isolated isorhamnetin glycosides using an air-pouch inflammation model. Isorhamnetin glycosides were isolated by semi-preparative chromatography and identified with LC/MSD TOF. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=6) receiving isorhamnetin-3-O-glucosyl-rhamnosyl-rhamnoside (IGRR), isorhamnetin-3-O-glucosyl-rhamnoside (IGR), OFI extract, indomethacin or vehicle intraperitoneally. IGR showed the best potential to decrease cell infiltration, mainly neutrophils (51.8±10.9%). IGRR and OFI extract inhibited the nitric oxide production (IGRR: 81.4%; OFI extract: 77.2%) and cyclooxygenase-2 activity (IGRR: 76.3%; OFI extract: 77.7%). OFI extract showed the highest inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (85.2%) and interleukin (IL)-6 (53.0%). Results showed that OFI extract and isorhamnetin glycosides possess anti-inflammatory potential. IGRR showed better effect than IGR suggesting that the glycosylation profile affects the bioactivity.
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