Abstract
In vivo Rosa abyssinica Lindley (Rosaceae) and Salvia nilotica Juss. Exjecr (Lamiaceae) using carrageenan-induced paw oedema and formalin test, respectively. It was observed that the 80% methanol extracts of both plants could significantly lower carrageenan-induced paw oedema at doses of 200 mg/kg, p.o. Among the solvent fractions, the acetone, chloroform and methanol fractions of S. nilotica exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, the strongest being that of the acetone fraction. On the other hand, only the acetone fraction of R. abyssinica was found to be active. The anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts and the fractions were comparable with that of the known anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin at the tested concentrations. The results of the formalin test revealed that the acetone fractions of R. abyssinica and S. nilotica significantly inhibit formalin-induced nociception in mice particularly during the late phase. The results obtained confirmed that the extracts obtained from both R. abyssinica and S. nilotica possess genuine anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities, which support the folkloric use of the herbs to treat inflammatory disorders.
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