In vivo Anti-diabetic and Lipid Lowering Activity and In vitro Antimicrobial, Thrombolytic and Cytotoxic Activity of Different Fraction of Methanolic Extract of Solanum melongena

Abstract

Background: In this study was tried to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial, thrombolytic with cytotoxic activity and in vivo anti-diabetic and lipid lowering activity of different fraction of methanolic extract of Solanum melongena which is widely used in the folkloric treatment in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to find out the fundamental mechanisms of the plant extracts which might be helpful in the overall folkloric treatments in Bangladesh. Results: In anti-diabetic and lipid lowering assay, plant extract reduce glucose level with Urea, protein and total cholesterol level goes to reduce with prolonged treatment by using plant extract. In thrombolytic assay, positive control streptokinase showed 94.21% lysis of clot and negative control distilled water showed 1.53% of clot. Chloroform soluble fraction (CSF) exhibited highest thrombolytic activity 11.13%. Antimicrobial screening at 400 µg/dise revealed antimicrobial activity in opposition to the tested microorganisms and the inhibition zone range was 8 to 13 mm. In brine shrimp lethality, LC50 µg/ml and LC90 µg/ml were obtained for different extracts after 18, 20 and 22 hours gradually. Such as after 18 hours LC50 µg/ml and LC90 µg/ml for distilled crude extract are 2.055 and 5.083, 3.112 and 6.225 for distilled n-hexane extract, 2.421 and 5.369 for distilled ccl3 extract and 4.00 and 6.948 for distilled Ethyl acetate gradually. Conclusion: Our results yield that crude methanolic extract has better effects than the other in all trials. By reviewing this study, it is very clear that the methanolic extract of Solanum melongena has shown pharmacological effect with its traditional use.