Abstract
Aims: The present study evaluates the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of the crude dichloromethane (CDCME), ethyl acetate (CEAE), and methanol (CMeE) extracts from the plant Oldenlandia corymbosa L. Background:Oldenlandia species have been popular among the people of the Indian subcontinent to treat several types of internal and external inflammation for a long time. Plant decoctions have been used to battle inflammation in cases of tonsilitis, pneumonia and cholecystitis, among others. Objective: The present work designed to demonstrate the properties of the previously mentioned plant extracts to prevent inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. This work is the first investigation of such extracts from this species and their relationship with anti-inflammatory activity. Method: The anti-inflammatory properties of the Oldenlandia corymbosa L. extracts were evaluated in vitro with the Red Blood Cell (RBC) membrane stabilization method and the protein denaturation method and in vivo with the carrageenan-induced paw oedema method. Furthermore, the free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was carried out with the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical oxidation, total antioxidant capacity and iron reduction assay. Result: Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that CDCME had the most predominant effects with the value of 80.5% for RBC membrane stabilization, 60% for inhibition of protein denaturation at the concentration of 1000 µg/mL and 63.28% (after 3 h, * p < 0.05) for inhibition of paw oedema (300 mg/kg bwt) compared to carrageenan-induced mice. The free radical scavenging activity was studied by DPPH, total antioxidant and reducing activity assay. CDCME showed scavenging activity in all the methods and an IC50 value of 473.86 µg/mL for DPPH method. Conclusions: The findings of the study remarked that CDCME of the plant has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that validate the traditional use of the plant to get remedy from pain. Other: The plants Oldenlandia corymbosa L. were provided by the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratory campus, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Experiments on animals were conducted by ethical permission of Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh (license no: 225/320-IAMEBBC/IBSc).
Highlights
When any stimuli, e.g., microorganisms, injured cells or inflictors, that are not compatible with cells, are exposed to the body, a biological response occurs known as inflammation.Inflammation is characterized by classic signs like calor, dolor, rubor, tumor, and function loss
The phenolic content was measured by the Folin–Ciocaltaeu assay and expressed in mg/g of extract as that of gallic acid equivalent
The highest amount of phenolic compound was 190.25 ± 48.68 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of extract found in the CDCME and the lowest content of phenolic constituents was presented in CEAE (19.17 ± 5.20 mg catechin equivalent (CAE)/g od extract)
Summary
E.g., microorganisms, injured cells or inflictors, that are not compatible with cells, are exposed to the body, a biological response occurs known as inflammation.Inflammation is characterized by classic signs like calor, dolor, rubor, tumor, and function loss. A spontaneous response is triggered by the release of cell derived mediators including vasoactive amines, cytokines, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, thromboxane A2 (TXA2), prostacyclin, leukotrienes and a platelet-activating factor (PAF) known as inflammatory mediator [1]. They are derived from inflammatory cells such as leukocytes, platelets, and vascular endothelial cells. It is regarded as a biological response of the intrinsic immune system, in comparison to adaptive immunity specified for each pyrogen. Acute inflammation is developed by transudation of plasma and body fluid and leukocytes’
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