Abstract
Adenia trilobata, locally known as akandaphal in Bangladesh, has some traditional uses. Leaves and stems extracted with pure methanol (MEATL, MEATS) and fractioned by n-hexane (NFATL, NFATS), which was subjected to qualitative phytochemical analysis. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of four extracts showed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, carbohydrate, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, flavonol, and saponins. All four extracts of A. trilobata, exhibited a strong antioxidant activity while a moderately (MEATS = 328 μg/mL) to weakly toxic (NFATL = 616.85 μg/mL) LC50 observed in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. In thrombolytic test, MEATL (18.54 ± 2.18%; P < 0.01) and MEATS (25.58 ± 4.76%; P < 0.0001) showed significant percentage of clot lysis in human blood. The in vivo analgesic activity carried by acetic acid test and formalin test, while the antidiarrheal activity assayed by two standard methods e.g., castor oil-induced diarrhea and castor oil-induced gastrointestinal motility. Both, in vivo model, showed an extremely significant (P < 0.0001) dose-dependent manner percentage of inhibition in comparison to the control group. Present results suggested, A. trilobata could be a potential source for antioxidative, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, analgesic, antidiarrheal agents which require further study to identify the mechanism of A. trilobata.
Highlights
The redox homeostasis plays an essential part in maintaining health and disease prevention
A concentrated filtrate like the deep green color obtained after completely evaporating the solvent, which used as methanol extract (MEAT) for the experiment
The qualitative phytochemical analysis of methanolic and n-hexane extract of A. trilobata leaves and stem showed the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, flavonol, and saponins in all four extracts
Summary
The redox homeostasis plays an essential part in maintaining health and disease prevention. The international community encourages developing the naturally derived new compounds for the development of new drugs, which provide a tremendous pharmacological activity with lesser adverse effects and less costly than available synthetic medicines [9,10,11,12]. The cultivation of such plants, mainly if they are endemic, can be a potential income source for the developing countries. The present study figured to identify phytoconstituents and evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities of methanol (MEATL, MEATS) and n-hexane (NFATL, NFATS) extract of A. trilobata leaves and stems
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