Abstract
Background Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) particle is the commonly used bone graft substitute in implant surgery which is mainly osteoconductive and has very slow degradation. Demineralized freeze-dried bovine bone xenograft (DFDBBX) particle is being developed as a novel xenogeneic bone filler. Objectives The study aimed to analyze osteogenic activity and bone-forming capacity of DFDBBX particles compared to DBBM particles in alveolar bone defects in rabbit mandibles models. Material and Methods. This study investigated bone defects whether filled with DBBM particles or DFDBBX particles or left unfilled in 30 rabbit mandibles. Specimens were processed for histology, immunohistochemistry, and micro-CT scanning. Statistical difference was set at a p value < 0.05. Results The quantitative assessment showed a significantly lower number of osteoclasts and a higher number of osteoblasts in the DFDBBX group compared to the DBBM group in 2 and 4 weeks (p < 0.05). Immunostaining analyses showed significantly higher expression of RUNX2, collagen type I, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin in the DFDBBX group compared to the DBBM group in 2 and 4 weeks. Bone healing score in the DFDBBX group was comparable to the DBBM group. Micro-CT presented no significant difference in the volume percentage of the mineralized tissue in the DBBM and DFDBBX groups in spite of the different healing patterns in both groups. Conclusion DFDBBX particles induced higher osteoblastic activities than DBBM particles at the early stage of healing. Meanwhile, the capacity of bone formation in DFDBBX particles was comparable with DBBM particles at the later stage of healing. Considering the limitation of this study, the results presented DFDBBX particles as potential bone filler candidates.
Highlights
Bone grafting is a common procedure to regenerate bone in alveolar bone defects caused by pathologies and periodontal diseases and following traumatic tooth extraction [1]. e use of bone grafts in dentistry has markedly increased in recent years especially due to advancements in dental implantology [2]. e ideal bone graft is autogenous bone either used alone or combined with human bone graft such as freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) and demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA)
Histology quantitative assessment showed that the mean number of osteoblasts was consistently higher in the Demineralized freeze-dried bovine bone xenograft (DFDBBX) group than in the Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) group and control groups in 2 to 4 weeks
The mean number of osteoclasts in the DFDBBX group was lower compared to the DBBM group and control groups (Figure 2)
Summary
Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) particle is the commonly used bone graft substitute in implant surgery which is mainly osteoconductive and has very slow degradation. E study aimed to analyze osteogenic activity and boneforming capacity of DFDBBX particles compared to DBBM particles in alveolar bone defects in rabbit mandibles models. E quantitative assessment showed a significantly lower number of osteoclasts and a higher number of osteoblasts in the DFDBBX group compared to the DBBM group in 2 and 4 weeks (p < 0.05). Bone healing score in the DFDBBX group was comparable to the DBBM group. Micro-CT presented no significant difference in the volume percentage of the mineralized tissue in the DBBM and DFDBBX groups in spite of the different healing patterns in both groups. The capacity of bone formation in DFDBBX particles was comparable with DBBM particles at the later stage of healing. Considering the limitation of this study, the results presented DFDBBX particles as potential bone filler candidates
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