Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the anti-Candida activity of lidocaine and nitroglycerin alone and in combination. Ten Candida strains were included, corresponding to 1 collection type strain (ATCC 10231) and 9 clinical isolates: 4 C. albicans, 2 C. glabrata, 1 C. tropicalis, 1 C. krusei, and 1 C. parapsilosis. The CLSI reference M27-A3 micromethod was used to determine the anti-Candida activity of the drugs alone; minimal inhibitory and lethal concentrations were determined. The classic checkboard technique was used to determine the activity of combined drugs. Lidocaine fungicidal effect was dosedependent. Nitroglycerin exhibited a higher effect. The drugs combination resulted in a reduction of the inhibitory concentration, corresponding to an additive effect. In conclusion, both drugs exhibited an interesting anti-Candida activity. The combination of lidocaine with nitroglycerin was shown to have an additive effect against Candida spp., predicting the interest to include, in the future, these drugs in a new delivery system for the treatment of mucocutaneous candidosis.
Highlights
Candida spp. are microorganisms frequently found in the human oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina [1,2,3,4]
Despite recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) being considered a Candida infection that is more dependent on the host characteristics, therapeutics approaches available and able to allow a remission of the symptoms between episodes are antifungal drugs used for a long period of time [8, 9, 11]
We investigated the in vitro anti-Candida activity of lidocaine and nitroglycerin, both alone and in combination, in view of its possible future inclusion in a pharmaceutical formulation for the treatment of mucocutaneous candidosis
Summary
Candida spp. are microorganisms frequently found in the human oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina [1,2,3,4]. Vulvovaginal candidosis (VVC) is the second most frequent vaginal infection, after vaginal bacteriosis and is one of the most common clinical diseases caused by Candida spp. It affects 70–75% of women at least once in their lifetime while 40–50% of them will experience a recurrence; 5–8% of adult women develop recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC), defined as four or more episodes within a year [3,4,5,6,7]. In addition to the limited number of available antifungal drugs, the restrictions to its use stress the need for the development and validation of new therapeutic strategies exhibiting distinct mechanisms of action and/or evasion of resistance [12,13,14,15]
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