Abstract
Probiotic bacterial adhesion to the epithelial cell is a composite process and in vivo adhesion studies can be strengthened with the improved in vitro models for preliminary screening of potentially adherent strains. With this rationale, the study aimed is the first report to demonstrate the colonizing efficiency of probiotic Bacillus licheniformis MCC 2514 in comparison to Bifidobacterium breve NCIM 5671on HT-29 cell line. B. licheniformis (54.28 ± 0.99%) and Bif. breve (70.23 ± 0.85%) adhered in a higher percentage on fibronectin and mucin, respectively. However, the adhesion was higher for B. licheniformis when compared to Bif. breve. In adhesion score, B. licheniformis obtained about 138.85 ± 12.32, whereas Bif. breve got the score of 43.05 ± 9.12. The same trend continued in the adhesion percentage study, where B. licheniformis adhered 75.5 ± 5.2%, higher than Bif. breve which adhered 32.66 ± 3.2%. In invasion assay, both the bacteria significantly decreased the colonization of the pathogen Kocuria rhizophila ATCC 9341 about 97.32 ± 0.81% in the competitive assay, 97.87 ± 0.73% in exclusion assay and 82.19 ± 2.51% in displacement assay. The cytotoxicity effects of the test bacterial strains against HT-29 cell line through MTT assay determined no viability loss in the treated cells. Therefore, the data obtained from the in vitro studies showed that both B. licheniformis and Bif. breve had shown significantly good invasion on pathogen and adhesion capacity on HT-29 cell line.
Highlights
Probiotics are 'live micro-organisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host' (Hill et al 2014)
B. licheniformis had a higher adhesion percentage of 54.28 ± 0.99 compared to Bif. breve of 39.66 ± 0.74%, indicating both the bacteria had better adhesion on both mucin and fibronectin
Considering scoring method for adhesion analysis, both B. licheniformis and Bif. breve adhered to HT-29 cell lines through different points
Summary
Probiotics are 'live micro-organisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host' (Hill et al 2014). In many probiotic bacterial strains, effective colonization can be evaluated to adhere to the epithelium cell where the mucosal surface has been suggested to be an important trait for activity (Duary et al 2011). Studies have suggested a wide range of adhesion factors responsible for the adhesion of bacteria to the human gut system. The probiotic micro-organisms, which are used as starter cultures in different food products, adhere to intestinal epithelium cells and play a crucial part in the host immunomodulation process(Neish 2009; Swain et al 2014)
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