In vitro testing of antibacterial activity of extracts of seed cardamom (Amomum compactum) against by Aeromonas hydrophila

Abstract

Putri SDK, Susilowati A, Setyaningsih R. 2016. In vitro testing of antibacterial activity of extracts of seed cardamom (Amomum compactum) against by Aeromonas hydrophila. Biofarmasi 14: 10-18. One of the obstacles that hinder the cultivation of common freshwater fish is the presence of pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila. These bacteria cause Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS). One effort against MAS on freshwater fish is the use of cardamom seed (Amomum compactum). The purpose of this study was to know the antibacterial activity and get the minimum concentration of cardamom seed extract that was able to inhibit A. hydrophila in vitro. Cardamom seed extraction was done by stratified maceration using three solvent, i.e., n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Antibacterial activity was conducted using disc diffusion method with 100% concentration for each extract, solvents, only bacteria culture without the extract as negative control and positive control for chloramphenicol 3,4%. Minimum Concentration Inhibitory test (MIC) performed using extracts of the most widespread inhibitory zone. The extract concentrations tested 5,71%, 2,70%, 1,35%, 0,68%, 0,34%, 0,17%(b/v),and 0% as a negative control, while the antibiotic chloramphenicol as a positive control. Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance test (ANOVA) and Duncans Multiple Range test (DMRT) level of 5%. Cardamom seed extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol as a solvent were 11,1 g, 10 g, and 15,1 g extract respectively. Inhibition zone of 100% cardamom seed extract with the solvent n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol were 5,25 mm, 6,25 mm and 5,75 mm respectively. MIC values in the ethyl acetate extract of A. hydrophila were 2,70%.