In vitro study of viability and apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells from stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in combination with bovine bone cancellous as a good bone substitute material

Abstract

Bone substitute material such as bovine bone cancellous, hydroxyapatite-calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate have an osteoconductive element in the bone formation process. To obtain complete elements, the combination of osteoconductive bone graft substitution material with active biologic material like mesenchymal stem cells from Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) were investigated. SVF cells derived from adipose tissue have a multipotent cell which attaches very fast to the scaffold material, proliferate rapidly, and can be differentiated toward the osteogenic lineage. However, the ability SVF cells to combine with some material like bovine bone cancellous, hydroxyapatite-calcium sulfate, and calcium phosphate still unknown. Stromal vascular fraction cells cultured from subcutaneous adipose tissue are administered three types of bone graft substitute materials. The viability of mesenchymal stem cells from SVF cells was then analyzed using flowcytometry by looking at the distribution of cells undergoing apoptosis at each treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells from stromal vascular fraction cells are capable of combining with three types of bone substitution material. Calcium phosphate induces higher SVF cell apoptosis compared with bovine bone cancellous and hydroxyapatite-calcium sulfate. The three bone substitution materials have different reactions to stromal vascular fraction cells. Bovine bone cancellous has porous anorganic surfaces that allow adhesion, proliferation, and maturation of mesenchymal stem cells from SVF cells. HA-CaSulphate has biocompatibility in stimulating adhesion of cells. Not optimal concentrations of calcium and phosphate will reduce the ability of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell. Bovine bone cancellous may be considered a good bone substitute for combination with SVF cells