In vitro studies of a degradable device for controlled‐release of meloxicam

Abstract

Plaque biofilm and associated host responses are the primary factors in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Delivery of medications directly into the periodontal pockets to suppress or eradicate the pathogenic microbiota or modulate the inflammatory response has attracted significant interest to limit periodontal tissue destruction. The aim of the present study was twofold: (1) to describe the development of a biodegradable controlled-release device containing meloxicam as the therapeutic agent and (2) to evaluate the in vitro release of meloxicam from this device into different release media. Films of cross-linked gelatin matrix containing meloxicam were prepared, hardened for various time periods and cut in a form to fit to the periodontal pocket anatomy. The release of active agents was studied separately in 10 ml distilled water, artificial saliva and pH 7.4 phosphate buffer at 37 degrees C. Apparatus Vibrax was used at 120 r.p.m. Determinations were carried out spectrophotometrically, and the release profiles were plotted as a function of time. The results were evaluated by the similarity test. The release rates of meloxicam from the hardened (1 h, 4 h, 8 h) formulations were slower than the unhardened formulation in all the three release media. Increasing the hardening time decreased the release rates. The overall release rates were similar in artificial saliva and pH 7.4 phosphate buffer, while it was lower in distilled water. As a conclusion, cross-linked gelatin matrix films may be considered as a suitable inert material for obtaining a prolonged local release of meloxicam as an adjunct to the mechanical periodontal treatment. As required, further in vitro and in vivo studies will be performed before starting clinical applications of this controlled-release formulation of the anti-inflammatory agent.