Abstract
Pathogenic soil borne fungi causing epidemic root rot disease on grapevine and high loss of plant growth and fruit yield. Fast detection of aggressive fungal isolates is the first tool for introduce selection effective a agent for management disease progress. In vitro two simple techniques based on stem cutting of grapevine i.e., mycelial growth and cell wall degrading enzymes activities were evaluated for screening of aggressive fungal isolates in comparsion with classical pathogenicity test. Fourteen isolates of fungi associated with root rot disease of grapevine plants i.e. Fusarium oxysporumi Schlechtend, Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Gold. were tested and pathological action on grapevine plant (Cv.crimson) under soil artificially infested by classical method with their mycelial growth,cell wall degrading enzymes activities on stem cutting of grapevine as well as each fungal isolates of shoot and root compare the control. Fungal isolate of Botryiodiplodia theobromae No. (7) was the most isolate recorded high and significant root rot (100%) incidence and disease severity on grapevine plants followed by Fusarium avenacum isolate No. (11) and Fusarium solani isolate No. (12). Positive correlation co-efficient was observed between mycelial growth of fungal isolates tested on stem cutting of grapevine plants and root rot disease incidence and their disease severity followed by their production pectinase and cellulase enzymes. So, mycelial of fungal growth on stem cutting of grapevine is a good and simple of opportunity technique for determination aggressive degrees of fungal isolates in vitro as alternative accuracy, very short time test and very shape cost than classical pathogenicity test.
Highlights
During pathogenesis process by fungi are producing several chemical metabolites in a initial time of infection plant tissue such as cell wall degrading enzymes for degradation cell wall components
Fourteen isolates of fungi associated with root rot disease of grapevine plants i.e. Fusarium oxysporumi Schlechtend, Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Gold. were tested and pathological action on grapevine plant (Cv.crimson) under soil artificially infested by classical method with their mycelial growth,cell wall degrading enzymes activities on stem cutting of grapevine as well as each fungal isolates of shoot and root compare the control
Data in Table (1) indicated that highly and significantly pathogenic activity of fungal for causing root rot disease incidence showed by B. theobromaei isolate (No.7) followed by Fusarium avenacum isolate (No.11), Fusarium oxysporumi isolate (No.6) Fusarium solani isolate (No.12) and Rhizoctonia solani isolate (No.8 & 9)
Summary
During pathogenesis process by fungi are producing several chemical metabolites in a initial time of infection plant tissue such as cell wall degrading enzymes for degradation cell wall components. The roles of cell wall degrading enzymes and disease incidence of tomato plants were reported that higher activities of cell wall degrading enzymes and wilt disease incidence of tomato were higher in susceptible cultivars of tomato than resistant cultivars sowing in soil infested by Fusarium oxysporumi f. .For assay pathogenic potential of soil borne fungi causing root-rot on grapevine. El- Sayed et al / GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020, 11(01), 141–147 activities of hydrolytic enzymes i.e.pectin methyl esterase ( PME),polygalactournase (PG) and cellulose (Cx) were higher in tissues of the susceptible strawberry cultivars infected with leaf spot pathogens than resistant cultivars. The aimed of this study comparative analysis between some morphological and physiological retated pathological activities of soil borne fungi causing root rot grapevine
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