In vitro sensitivity of human endometrial cancer to cytotoxic and biologic agents.

Abstract

A goal of cancer research continues to be a better understanding of tumor cell growth and possible ways to modify it. If we learn from preclinical studies which factors are able to modify cell growth, there are oftentimes therapeutic decisions that can be made that ultimately improve patient care. In a clinical setting, the simplest observation to be made is the geographic extent of tumor growth, an assessment made when a patient first presents with a malignancy. Extent of disease determinations have been standardized as tumor stage [1]. Sophisticated imaging techniques and even surgical exploration have been applied as a means to detect clinically inapparent tumor extension. In the example of endometrial cancer, more detailed predictive information following surgery can be obtained by microscopic studies of tumor invasion into the myometrium, the architectural grade (FIGO) and the nuclear grade of the tumor [2, 3]. Predictions of recurrence probabilities can be made, based upon these morphologic and/or geographic parameters. The proliferative activity of a tumor, as determined by flow cytometry, is also significantly related to prognosis [4]. Other biologic parameters that relate to growth of endometrial cancers have been identified, such as the presence or absence of steroid hormone receptors on tumor cells. Receptors can predict tumor growth in response to certain types of treatment [5].