Abstract
Drought-induced water stress affects the productivity of the Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews crop. In vitro culture technique is an effective tool for the study of water stress tolerance mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological, physiological and biochemical response of V. planifolia under in vitro water stress conditions induced with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In vitro regenerated shoots of 2 cm in length were subjected to different concentrations of PEG 6000 (0, 1, 2 and 3% w/v) using Murashige and Skoog semi-solid culture medium. At 60 days of culture, different growth variables, dry matter (DM) content, chlorophyll (Chl), soluble proteins (SP), proline (Pro), glycine betaine (GB), stomatal index (SI) and open stomata (%) were evaluated. Results showed a reduction in growth, Chl content, SP, SI and open stomata (%) with increasing PEG concentration, whereas DM, Pro and GB contents rose with increasing PEG concentration. In conclusion, PEG-induced osmotic stress allowed describing physiological and biochemical mechanisms of response to water stress. Furthermore, the determination of compatible Pro and GB osmolytes can be used as biochemical markers in future breeding programs for the early selection of water stress tolerant genotypes.
Highlights
Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews) is an orchid species native to Mexico used for the extraction of vanillin, one of the most economically important aromatic compounds worldwide[1]
When evaluating the effect of different polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations on the in vitro growth of V. planifolia, significant differences were observed in shoot length, number of leaves, number and length of roots and percentage of dry matter (Table 1)
In vitro growth of V. planifolia decreased with increasing PEG concentrations
Summary
Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews) is an orchid species native to Mexico used for the extraction of vanillin, one of the most economically important aromatic compounds worldwide[1]. Ex Andrews) is an orchid species native to Mexico used for the extraction of vanillin, one of the most economically important aromatic compounds worldwide[1]. High molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) is highly soluble in water and non-penetrable in cells, produces a negative osmotic potential in the culture medium without generating toxicity and is one of the most widely used osmotic agents to study the effects of in vitro water stress in p lants[11]. In Vanilla genus there is limited information on the response to osmotic stress under in vitro conditions and the mechanisms of response to water stress in V. planifolia have not been fully studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses in in vitro V. planifolia shoots under water stress conditions induced by PEG
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