In vitro Response of Human Osteoblasts Cultured on Strontium Substituted Hydroxyapatites

Abstract

The goal of this study was to analyze the response of osteoblasts cultured on strontium substituted hydroxyapatites (HAP-Sr) of well-defined high crystallinity deposited as thin films on glass plates. Up to now, this aspect has not been carefully investigated in the context of bio-ceramics. In this study, we present the osteoblasts activity on synthesized HAP-Sr for different amounts of strontium substitution for calcium within the hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP) lattice, namely HAP-5%Sr, HAP-10%Sr, HAP-15%Sr and HAP-59.2%Sr (Sr-HAP, of formula Sr10(PO4)6(OH)2), in comparison with stoichiometric pure HAP, chosen as control. Each bio-ceramic was deposited as thin multilayers self-assembled substrate (scaffold) and chemically bonded to the surface of glass plates. These coatings revealed by AFM and SEM imaging a granular texture formed from bio-ceramic nanoparticles. They possessed a high degree of crystallinity, i.e. 68% to 86%, depending on the Sr amount within the HAP lattice, as judged by XRD. Osteoblasts were cultured up to 21days and displayed enhanced adhesion and proliferation particularly evidenced on relatively high strontium contents (especially 5 and 10 weight %, determined by SEM-EDX), where the alkaline phosphatase activity and type I collagen were strongly evidenced. These bio-ceramics showed a high in vitro biocompatibility stimulating the activity of osteoblasts in the process of bone formation. These nano biomaterials can have applications in orthopedic and dental surgery improving the osteointegration as coatings of bone implants as well as for bone repair and regeneration.