In Vitro Pharmacological Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Different Solvent Extracts of Lantana camara Leaves Collected from Tropical Region of Malaysia.

Mallappa Kumara Swamy,Mohd Sayeed Akhtar,Uma Rani Sinniah

doi:10.1155/2015/506413

Mallappa Kumara Swamy, Mohd Sayeed Akhtar + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/506413

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Abstract

We investigated the effect of different solvents (ethyl acetate, methanol, acetone, and chloroform) on the extraction of phytoconstituents from Lantana camara leaves and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Further, GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the bioactive chemical constituents occurring in the active extract. The results revealed the presence of various phytocompounds in the extracts. The methanol solvent recovered higher extractable compounds (14.4% of yield) and contained the highest phenolic (92.8 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (26.5 mg RE/g) content. DPPH radical scavenging assay showed the IC50 value of 165, 200, 245, and 440 μg/mL for methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and chloroform extracts, respectively. The hydroxyl scavenging activity test showed the IC50 value of 110, 240, 300, and 510 μg/mL for methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and chloroform extracts, respectively. Gram negative bacterial pathogens (E. coli and K. pneumoniae) were more susceptible to all extracts compared to Gram positive bacteria (M. luteus, B. subtilis, and S. aureus). Methanol extract had the highest inhibition activity against all the tested microbes. Moreover, methanolic extract of L. camara contained 32 bioactive components as revealed by GC-MS study. The identified major compounds included hexadecanoic acid (5.197%), phytol (4.528%), caryophyllene oxide (4.605%), and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (3.751%).

Highlights

Nature has existed as a source of almost all drugs for many years and natural products were the only source of medicine for mankind ever since the ancient period
Flavonoids, phenolics, and cardiac glycosides were noticed in all solvent extracts used
Methanol extracts with 7 phytoconstituents were the best among the organic solvents evaluated in our study

Summary

Introduction

Nature has existed as a source of almost all drugs for many years and natural products were the only source of medicine for mankind ever since the ancient period. Herb based products play an important role in primary human health care as the majority (80%) of the global population rely on traditional medical practices [1, 2]. Increase of antimicrobial resistance among the pathogens is a rising problem which is challenging the scientific advancement of the medical world [4]. This situation has prompted researchers to develop efficient new antimicrobial agents. Exploration of medicinal plants for curative purposes is mainly based on the available traditional information from the experts and local population [5, 6]

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