Abstract
An in vitro experiment was carried out to assess the effect of fungal isolates of the genus Arthrobotrys, Duddingtonia, Monacrosporium and Nematoctonus on infective Strongyloides papillosus larvae. A suspension of 1,000 infective S. papillosus larvae was dripped on to Petri dishes containing fungi grown in agar-water. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) among all the isolates and the fungus-free control. Comparing the results between isolates, difference was observed in some isolates of the genus Arthrobotrys (CG 719, I40, A1, A2, C1, B1), D. flagrans (CG722), Monacrosporium (CGI, SF53, NF34A) and N. robustus (D1) that showed a better capture and destruction results and consequently a greater decrease in the average of the uncaptured larvae recovered. The results showed that there may be variations in the predatory capacity of different species and among fungal isolates of the same species on Strongyloides papillosus and indicated that nematophagous fungi may be used for the biological control of this helminth.
Highlights
Among gastrointestinal parasite of ruminants, Strongyloides papillosus have particular importance in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of Brazilian isolates of nematophagous fungi of the Arthrobotrys, Duddingtonia, Monacrosporium and Nematoctonus genera against S. papillosus larvae in laboratory conditions
The presence of prey induced the formation of trapping structures in the fungal isolates tested, except in the isolate of N. robustus that produced traps spontaneously before addition of the nematode, indicating that these fungi are dependent on the stimuli provided by the nematodes to capture them
Summary
Among gastrointestinal parasite of ruminants, Strongyloides papillosus have particular importance in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The parasitic phase consists exclusively of females that produce larvated eggs by parthenogenesis (CHANDRAWATHANI; OMAR; WALLER, 1998; JACOBS et al, 2016; TAYLOR et al, 2016). Infections by this parasite can cause gastrointestinal disturbances (enteritis, diarrhea and loss of appetite), affect body weight and delay growth and sudden death syndrome can occur (MEHLHORN, 2016; PIENNAR et al, 1999; TAIRA et al, 1992). In Brazil, benzimidazole and macrocyclic lactone anthelmintics are the principal forms of control used against gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants (BOWMAN, 2010; CHARLES; FURLONG, 1996). The non-chemotherapeutic approach to the control of nematode gastrointestinal parasites of ruminants using nematophagous fungi as biological
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