In vitro mutagenesis of pruacan (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk): effect of chemical mutagen EMS and lethal dose determination

Abstract

Pruacan is a rare medicinal plant endemic to the Dieng Plateau of the Central Java, Indonesia which has properties as an aphrodisiac. Increasing genetic variability ofthis plant in order to support the breeding programs and increase the productivity and active ingredients of this plant is important. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of chemical mutagen EMS on the growth and development of in vitro culture of pruacan and lethal dose determination. Embryogenic callus were soaked in 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7% EMS for 2 hours and then cultured on regeneration medium containing DKW basal salt medium + IBA 5 mg/l. EMS suppressed the growth and development of pruacan somatic embryos culture. The lowest explant fresh weight, percentage of explants forming plantlets and number of plantlets per explant were obtained from 0.7 % EMS (2.38 g, 91.67 % and 6.22, respectively). Lethal dose 50 was obtained from EMS 0.61, 0.645 and 0.53% based on the explants fresh weight, the percentage of explants forming plantlets. And the number of plantlets per explant, respectively. EMS 0.53% can then be applied to induce mutation in the in vitro culture of pruacan.