Abstract
Petiole explants were obtained from in vitro grown tetraploid (2 x = 44) Echinacea purpurea plantlets. Shoots were regenerated by culturing the explants on MS basal medium containing 0.5mg/L benzyladenine (BA), 0.01mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and four concentrations (30, 60, 120, and 240mg/L) of colchicine for 30 days, or 120mg/L of colchicine for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The regenerated shoots were induced to root on MS basal medium with 0.01 mg/L NAA, and then the root-tips of the regenerated shoots were sampled for count of chromosome number. It was found that a treatment duration of >7 days was necessary for induction of octaploids (8 x = 88) shoots, and treatment with 120mg/L colchicine for 28 days was the most efficient for the induction of octaploids, yielding 10% of octaploids among all the regenerated shoots. Chimeras were observed in almost all the treatments. However, the ratio of octaploid to tetraploid cells in a chimeric plant was usually low. In comparison with tetraploid plants, octaploid plants in vitro had larger stomata and thicker roots and had prominently stunt plant with very short life cycle. Octaploid E. purpurea plantlets can’t survival in the natural environment.
Highlights
Echinacea purpurae L, (Purple coneflower), is one of the most popular herbs with a long history of medicinal use for a wide variety of illnesses, such as syphilis, septic wounds, snakebites, blood poisoning, common cold, influenza, and other upper respiratory tract infections (Hobbs 1994, Melchart et al 2004)
After successful regeneration of haploid plants through anther culture in purple coneflower for the first time (Wu et al 2007), we focused on doubling the chromosome number of diploid, tetraploid and haploid plant
Influence of Concentration of Colchicine on Shoot Regeneration: Shoot regeneration from petiole explants generally took place after one month of culture on regeneration medium, and the regenerated shoots could continue grow on the same medium for another 10 days without declining in vitality
Summary
Echinacea purpurae L, (Purple coneflower), is one of the most popular herbs with a long history of medicinal use for a wide variety of illnesses, such as syphilis, septic wounds, snakebites, blood poisoning, common cold, influenza, and other upper respiratory tract infections (Hobbs 1994, Melchart et al 2004). Global demand for products of purple coneflower has increased steadily due to the frequent occurring of threatening pandemic diseases caused by viruses. Under this background, biotechnological researches on mass propagation and genetic improvement of this crop have been conducted (Mechanda et al 2003; Wu et al 2007). After successful regeneration of haploid plants through anther culture in purple coneflower for the first time (Wu et al 2007), we focused on doubling the chromosome number of diploid, tetraploid and haploid plant. Details of regeneration of the octaploid plants by treating tetraploid petiole explants with colchicine are reported
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