Abstract
The toxin of the protozoan intracellular parasite of sheep Sarcocystis gigantea is associated with many clinical and pathological signs. The aim of the study was to investigate In Vitro various chromosomal aberrations due to sarcocystosis infection. Macrocysts of Sarcocystis gigantea were isolated from local karadi sheep, homogenized with glass Dounce homogenizer; acetone powder was prepared from it and used in various concentrations to investigate the chromosomal aberration in vitro against sheep lymphocytes. The direct effects of parasite cystizoites acetone powder revealed various genotoxicity effects. These effects included chromosomal aberration (Isogap, Breaks and Dicentrics) and chromatids aberration (Gap and Deletion). It had also an effect on the mitotic index of the lymphocyte cells division. These genotoxicities were studied for the first time with in vitro technique using sheep lymphocytes. These results reflected that Sarcocystis gigantean parasite could cause structural and internal aberration in the chromosomes of their hosts.
Highlights
Sarcocystis is a protozoan parasite belongs to the family sacrcocystiidae and have an obligatory twohost life cycle including sexual development and the formation of oocysts in the intestinal mucosa of their final hosts
The asexual multiplication is seen in the vascular endothelial layer and the striated muscle cells of various body regions of the intermediate host
The multiplication within striated muscle cells of skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and heart muscle leads to the formation of cysts of the parasite which may be microscopic or macroscopic according to their size
Summary
Sarcocystis is a protozoan parasite belongs to the family sacrcocystiidae and have an obligatory twohost life cycle including sexual development and the formation of oocysts in the intestinal mucosa of their final hosts (carnivores and omnivores). The multiplication within striated muscle cells of skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and heart muscle leads to the formation of cysts of the parasite which may be microscopic or macroscopic according to their size. These cysts have a characteristic morphology (size, shape and surface structure) for each probable species, and by which, the final “or definitive hosts” become infected through ingestion of infected raw muscle tissue [1,2,3]. Various methods were used to investigate these effects [9, 10]
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