In Vitro Gas and Methane Production from Fermented Rice Straw using Trichoderma viride and Phanerochaete chrysosporium Inoculant

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Livestock, as part of agriculture sector, has contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission especially on methane (CH4) compounds. Methane emission represent energy losses in form of gas reflecting low feed efficiency. Rice straw is a source commonly used as animal roughage. The quality of rice straw could be improved by fermentation treatment. This study investigated effects of fermentation using Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trichoderma viride inoculant on in vitro gas and methane emission from rice straw. The rice straw was fermented in three weeks. This experiment consisted of four treatments and three replications being: (1) C (control, fermented rice straw with no inoculant), (2) TV (fermented rice straw using T. viride inoculant), (3) PC (fermented rice straw using P. chrysosporium inoculant), (4) TVPC (fermented rice straw using T. viride and P. chrysosporium inoculant). This research was arranged into a completely randomized block design. Results showed that TVPC treatment produced the lowest lignin content (p<0.05). TVPC treatment also produced the highest glucose compound by 1.70 mg/g (p<0.05). Meanwhile, there was no difference between all treatments in in vitro total gas and optimum gas (a+b) production. However, adding T. viride combination with P. chrysosporium in fermented process could decrease methane gas production (P<0.01). Results demonstrate that adding T. viride and P. chrysosporium inoculant in fermented process could increase the efficiency of rice straw as ruminant’s feed. This was represent in the low methane production and could reduce a part of GHG emission from enteric fermentation.