Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the force delivered by different superlastic nickel-titanium wires during vertical displacement, in order to determine whether their stress release meets the criteria for constant and light forces that are usually accredited to these archwires. METHOD: Ten samples of 6 brands of 0.016-in archwires (Ormco, GAC, Morelli, TP, American Orthodontics e Rocky Mountain) were tested in a complete metal model using Dynalock brackets (3M Unitek™). In the canine position, there was a sliding bracket connected to a pole. This set was related to a load cell of 0.5 kg attached to a universal testing machine (Autograph AG-199kNG, Shimadzu). The crosshead speed was 0.5 mm/min and the maximum displacement was 1.0 mm. The model was submerged in temperature-controlled water. The results were analyzed by ANOVA (p < 0.05), using the software SAS System 8.02, Cry, NC, USA. RESULTS: The TP archwire had the lowest force throughout the test, although the final force was high (277.91 g). The Rocky Mountain archwire had the highest force release (455.41 g). CONCLUSION: The different brands of wires tested in this study failed in delivering low and constant forces as expected from superlastic nickel-titanium wires. The forces were extremely heavy for a vertical tooth movement.
Highlights
The 0.016 superelastic nickel-titanium wire from TP showed the lowest force during the displacement, the force released at maximum displacement was high (277.91 g)
All wires tested in this study released very high forces for the vertical movement of a canine
The different brands tested in this study did not deliver constant force during a vertical displacement of 1 mm
Summary
The commercial brands were tested: Ormco, GAC, Morelli, TP, American Orthodontics and Rocky Mountain (Table 1). The wires were tested using a complete maxillary arch model made of stainless steel (Fig 1). Dynalock standard brackets with channel of 0.018-in (3M UnitekTM, St. Paul, USA) were used, which do not generate moment in the wire, avoiding the twisting movement. USA) were used, which do not generate moment in the wire, avoiding the twisting movement They were bonded with plastic adhesive (Araldite® Brascola, Joinville, Brazil) to the model respecting distances considered average between the different teeth. We have Block 0 with displacement of 0.05 mm, Block 1 with 0.15 mm, Block 2 with 0.25 mm and so on (Table 2)
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