Abstract
Objective To investigate the feasibility of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiating into chondrocyte in vitro under microenvironment of costal chondrocyte, co-cultured with allogenic costal chondrocyte. Methods Firstly bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and costal chondrocytes were isolated and cultured. Then the second generation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and costal chondrocytes were co-cultured at 2∶1 for the experimental group with the final concentration of 3×108/L. The costal chondrocytes with the same concentration were taken as the control group, and the chondrocytes with the concentration of 1×108/L were taken as the low concentration group. The cells were cultured in vitro for 1, 2 and 3 months to observe the morphological changes. Two weeks later, the co-cultured cells were taken for histological identification. And after 1, 2 and 3 months, the specimens were respectively taken for gross observation and histological staining to evaluate the new cartilage. Results The two kinds of cells had good biological activity and the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells had transformed into chondrocytes 2 weeks later in the experimental group. And histological examinationshowed that hyaline cartilages were formed in all three groups in vitro one month later. The average density of chondrocyte in the experimental group was higher than that in the other two groups in the first and second months (72.667±1.862, 98.333±1.506), and that in the control group (61.000±1.414, 84.500±1.049) was higher than that in the low concentration group (49.833±1.941, 75.000±0.894, P 0.05). Conclusion BMSCs can be induced to differentiate into chondrocyte under the condition of co-culture with allogenic costal chondrocyte in vitro. The co-cultured cells can form a thin layer of hyaline cartilage in vitro. Key words: Costal chondrocyte; Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; Mixed culture in vitro; Tissue engineering
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