In-Vitro Experimental Modeling of Oscillatory Respiratory Flow in a CT-Scanned OSAHS Tract

Zhenshan Zhu,Chuhua Zhang,Yaping Ju

doi:10.3390/app10227979

Zhenshan Zhu, Chuhua Zhang + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app10227979

Copy DOI

Journal: Applied Sciences	Publication Date: Nov 10, 2020
Citations: 2	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Xi'an Jiaotong University

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a highly prevalent respiratory disorder. The knowledge of respiratory flow is an essential prerequisite for the establishment and development of OSAHS physiology, pathology, and clinical medicine. We made the first in-vitro experimental attempt to measure the oscillatory flow velocity in a computed tomography (CT) scanned extra-thoracic airway (ETA) model with OSAHS by using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. In order to mimic respiration flow, three techniques were adopted to address difficulties in in-vitro experimental modeling: (1) fabricating the obstructive ETA measurement section with the CT-scanned data of an OSAHS patient airway; (2) maintaining the measurement accuracy by using the optical index-matching technique; (3) reproducing the oscillatory respiratory flow rates with the compiled clinical data of transient tidal volumes. The in-vitro measurements of oscillatory respiratory flow velocity manifested the time evolution of the complex OSAHS flow patterns, and the potential wall collapse of the ETA model with OSAHS.

Highlights

The human airway is a key organ for the body to exchange air with the external environment.this passageway is susceptible to inhaled particulate matters, extreme atmospheric conditions, bad individual habits, and natural aging, resulting in a wide spectrum of respiratory diseases ranging from the simple common cold, snoring, nasal airway blockage and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) [1]
This passageway is susceptible to inhaled particulate matters, extreme atmospheric conditions, bad individual habits, and natural aging, resulting in a wide spectrum of respiratory diseases ranging from the simple common cold, snoring, nasal airway blockage and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) [1]
Compared with the in-vivo measurement of respiratory flow in a realistic human airway, the in-vitro measurement of respiratory flow can effectively provide more detailed flow fields, allowing the respiratory physiologist to deepen the understanding of OSAHS pathology and the respiratory physician to improve diagnosis and therapy for OSAHS diseases

Summary

Introduction

The human airway is a key organ for the body to exchange air with the external environment. This passageway is susceptible to inhaled particulate matters, extreme atmospheric conditions, bad individual habits, and natural aging, resulting in a wide spectrum of respiratory diseases ranging from the simple common cold, snoring, nasal airway blockage and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) [1]. Its severity is highly correlated to the flow characteristics of the upper airway [6]. The knowledge of OSAHS respiratory flow in the upper airway is of scientific significance for the establishment and development of OSAHS physiology and pathology, and of clinical medicine references for the diagnosis and therapy of OSAHS diseases. A small number of studies have focused on respiratory flow in OSAHS-like tract, much experimental research on the respiratory flow has been carried out in simplified smooth multiple-generation airway

Objectives

Results

Conclusion