In vitro evaluvation of cytomechanics of osteoblast for enhanced peri‐implant bone regeneration

Abstract

Background With the increasing application of dental implants in poor-quality bones, the need for implant surfaces ensuring accelerated osseointegration, by a number of biomaterials, therapeutic agents, but often these drugs are not specifically targeted to the site and, thus, lack an immediate directed therapeutic effect. The optimal drug delivery system should enhance Osteoconduction ,healthy bone growth with high specificity to the site of the implant. Aim/Hypothesis The aim of study was to build off this evidence and determine the potential applications of cytomechanics of osteoblast , that were upregulated in response to the attached nanoparticles and exposure to a magnetic force may also play a crucial role in improving cell-invasive cell-invasive ability and osteoconduction. Material and Methods The magnetic nanoparticles (MNs) coated with chitosan (CS) for enhancing cellular invasion using magnetic force. MNs were characterized by XRD, UV spectroscopy, SEM. The MNs where spherical shape with a diameter from 10 nm to 15 nm. MNs were further coated with CS, The coatings were conducted in the presence of CTAB, 0.25 g of MNs was dispersed in a CTAB (2grams of CTAB dissolved in 400 ml of water)(A). Then, 100 ml CS solution (0.02gram CS powders dissolved in 100 ml of 1% (w v) acetic acid solution) was dropped into (A), the obtained MNsCS were dried at 60°C. In vitro behavior CS-MNs and the effects of intracellular force on osteoblast cell (MG63) line were studied. We generated intracellular force on MG63 by magnetic fields using the cellular uptake of CS-MNs. Cell responses to intracellular force were observed using fluorescent microscopy. The cell viability of the groups was measured using the Cell-Counting Kit-8 reagent. Migration and invasion assay by Boyden Chamber Assays. Results Our results indicated that MNs were taken up by the MG63 cells. MNs inside the cell could be relocated by the application of a magnetic force. The intracellular magnetic force could also be used to accelerate cell migration by adjusting the magnetic fields and giving the cell free culture space. No cytotoxicity of nanoparticles was found in our experiments. By comparing intracellular relocalization with the migration of the whole osteoblast cell line. The cell number in the MNs-100% group significantly increased, compared with that in the other groups at 6, 12, and 24 hours (P < 0.05). In all the groups, the number of cells that passed through the membrane increased with time. Invasion assay - Cell-invasion efficiency was enhanced by introducing our novel MNs into cells and by the presence of magnetic force showed that CS MNs significantly promoted osteoblast density (that is, cells per well) after 5 and 8 days of culture compared to controls (no particles). Conclusions and Clinical Implications Established promising mechanical properties and low cytotoxicity of magnetic nanoparticles, their potential applications in cytomechanics can efficiently enhance osteoconduction , osteoblast seeding into the depth of the scaffold, increase subsequent cell–cell interactions and shorten the period of cell proliferation. This system is thought to be useful in the development of cell-based strategies for the repair or replacement of tissue and other novel therapies.