In Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of Three Different Remineralizing Agents on Artificial Enamel Lesions in Primary Teeth: A Comparative Study

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of three various remineralizing agents on artificial enamel lesions in deciduous teeth. Eighty primary teeth that were implicated for extraction were taken from patients of 4 to 14 years of age. Every specimen was subjected to air drying followed by the creation of 3 × 3 mm window positioned on the central surface of the coronal portion of the tooth to restrict the area of investigation. A digital pH meter was utilized to formulate a demineralizing solution by checking the pH before and following formulation of the solution. A total of 80 specimens (20 in every group) were allocated to three of the following experimental groups and one control group: group I: control, group II: tricalcium phosphate, group III: casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphatefluoride (CPP-ACPF), and group IV: calcium sucrose phosphate (CaSP). Specimens in every group were subjected to treatment with the assigned remineralizing substance once in 24 hours for 14 days. Confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) evaluation of the samples was performed to assess the baseline and posttreatment remineralization as well as demineralization. CPP-ACPF group (110.73 ± 0.11) displayed the greatest mean remineralization depth, in pursuit by the calcium orthophosphate complex (CaSP) group (122.19 ± 0.28), tricalcium phosphate group (126.87 ± 0.15) as well as the control group (158.46 ± 0.07). These differences amid the investigational groups for remineralization were significant. The greatest depth µ area of remineralization was seen in the CPP-ACPF group (50.29 ± 0.06) in pursuit by the CaSP group (36.70 ± 0.17) as well as the tricalcium phosphate group (33.29 ± 0.06). This difference amid the remineralizing agents was statistically significant. Amid the confines of the limitations of the current research, it may be concluded that the three remineralizing agents studied, exhibited a remineralization capability on the artificially induced lesions in enamel. CPP-ACPF exhibited the greatest remineralization capability in comparison with the CaSP and tricalcium phosphate groups. Dental caries is an unalterable course that leads to everlasting loss of dental hard tissues with eventual formation of a cavity. Off late, numerous techniques have centered on applying remineralizing substances to early lesions due to dental caries, aiming at arresting demineralization while encouraging remineralization. Such remineralizing substances form an atmosphere that is superconcentrated with calcium and phosphate, thereby forcing these ions to diffuse into the unoccupied areas, thereby avoiding further loss of minerals.