In Vitro Evaluation of Scaffolds for the Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Wounds.

Elizabeth A Wahl,José T Egaña,Thilo L Schenck,Ursula Hopfner,Hans-Günther Machens,Thomas R Peavy,Julian F Dye,Fernando A Fierro

doi:10.1155/2015/108571

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to improve tissue regeneration in several preclinical and clinical trials. These cells have been used in combination with three-dimensional scaffolds as a promising approach in the field of regenerative medicine. We compare the behavior of human adipose-derived MSCs (AdMSCs) on four different biomaterials that are awaiting or have already received FDA approval to determine a suitable regenerative scaffold for delivering these cells to dermal wounds and increasing healing potential. AdMSCs were isolated, characterized, and seeded onto scaffolds based on chitosan, fibrin, bovine collagen, and decellularized porcine dermis. In vitro results demonstrated that the scaffolds strongly influence key parameters, such as seeding efficiency, cellular distribution, attachment, survival, metabolic activity, and paracrine release. Chick chorioallantoic membrane assays revealed that the scaffold composition similarly influences the angiogenic potential of AdMSCs in vivo. The wound healing potential of scaffolds increases by means of a synergistic relationship between AdMSCs and biomaterial resulting in the release of proangiogenic and cytokine factors, which is currently lacking when a scaffold alone is utilized. Furthermore, the methods used herein can be utilized to test other scaffold materials to increase their wound healing potential with AdMSCs.

Highlights

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to improve tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo
Samples were quantified (n = 3, N = 6) by being given arbitrary values based on Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from human adipose tissue and characterized in terms of their immune phenotypes and differentiation potential
Fluorescenceactivated cell sorting analysis showed that adipose-derived MSCs (AdMSCs) do not express pan-hematopoietic marker CD45 but are positive for CD73, CD90, and CD105 (Figure 1(a))

Summary

Introduction

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to improve tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Clinical data corroborates their beneficial regenerative effects in several organs and tissues, such as the heart, nerves, bone, and skin [1,2,3,4]. In order to administer MSCs to patients, cells have been introduced systemically and locally. In an attempt to increase the retention rate of the cells, MSCs have been applied in association with biomaterials; for example, fibrin sprays and microbeads have been used for chronic skin wounds [8, 9], while meshes and threedimensional scaffolds have been used to treat ischemic heart tissue [10] and diabetic ischemic ulcers [11]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion