Abstract
Porcupine bezoar (PB) was reported to possess medicinal properties in old medical manuscript. However, its potential as anticancer agent on human lung cancer cells (A549) is not yet studied. In present study, porcupine bezoar was tested to observe its ability in inhibiting cell growth of cancer cell (A549) and its cytotoxicity on Normal Human Gingival Fibroblast Cell (HGF-1). A549 cells morphology was observed after treated with bezoars for 72 hours. The ability of bezoars to induce DNA damage and apoptosis was analyzed by staining cells with Hoechst 33428(nucleus) and Rhodamine Phalloidin (f-actin). The A549 IC50 is 13.6±1.58μg/ml A549 growths was inhibited in dose-dependent pattern, but no inhibition found on normal HGF-1 cells. Treated A549 morphology shows sign of apoptosis such as DNA fragmentation, cytoplasm shrunk and vacuolation. The finding in this study suggests PB extracts able to inhibit cell growth, induce DNA damage and apoptosis, further analysis need to be done to verify the mechanism.
Highlights
Lung cancer is one of the leading cause for mortality in most developing and developed country
The Porcupine bezoar (PB) extract was prepared by adapting traditional method [9]
Results from IC50 determination for A549 shown that PB extracts exhibit a concentration-dependent pattern to verify the effect of the PB extracts on cell growth pattern with respect to time, the cell proliferation assay was conducted
Summary
Lung cancer is one of the leading cause for mortality in most developing and developed country. Incidence in 2015 reported lung cancer as the second leading in male and female by 14% and 13% respectively [1]. Estimated death reported in 2016 shows that lung cancer had the highest mortality in male and female by 27% and 26% respectively [2]. Apart from so many research done and developing new cancer treatments to cure cancer, a recent study in 2016 reported that less than ~1.0% mortality rate due to cancer had decreased in which indicating the effort is still not enough [3]. Common treatment for non-small lung cancer is surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy depending on stages [4]. Studying new anticancer agent with less side effects and target becomes urgent to control increasing cancer cases every year
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