In Vitro Evaluation of Osteoblast Cell Behavior and Antimicrobial Properties of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramics

Abstract

Calcium phosphate ceramic materials in form of hydroxylapatite (HAp) and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) are good candidates for bone substitution and regeneration. Majority of methods used for biphasic calcium phosphate (mixture of HAp and TCP) preparation includes synthesis of calcium deficient apatite, not so often mechanical mixing of HAp and TCP is applied. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of HAp/TCP ratio as well as the impact of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) preparation technique on osteoblast cell behavior and ceramic antimicrobial properties. Results showed that BCP composite samples supported much higher proliferation rate of osteoblast cells as those of pure HAp or TCP. The best result was observed for BCP samples with HAp/TCP ratio 60/40. BCP preparation technique significantly does not affect the cell attachment on the surface of BCP samples, while influence on colonization intensity of bacteria was observed. Results indicated that the use of pure HAp or BCP ceramics as implant materials can cause less inflammatory risks compared to the pure TCP ceramics.