Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the enzymic antioxidants and free radical scavenging present in the ethanolic leaf extracts of Crescentia cujete.
 Methods: Enzymic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were estimated by standard methods. Free radical scavenging potential was evaluated by diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radical methods using an ethanolic extract of C. cujete leaf.
 Results: The leaf extract of C. cujete showed the maximum activity of CAT, SOD, GST, glutathione reductase, and peroxidase activity. CAT activity was formed to be highest in the ethanolic extract of C. cujete leaf. DPPH radical scavenging activity was reported as 38.5 μg/ml, nitric oxide was found to be 200.77 μg/ml, and hydroxyl radical scavenging exhibited 108.42 μg/ml normalized with ascorbic acid.
 Conclusion: From the results, it has concluded that the ethanol extract of the C. cujete leaf has a prospective source of natural antioxidant that would be a great significance as therapeutic agents in preventing or slowing the progress of reactive oxygen species and related oxidative stress-related degenerative diseases.
Highlights
Medicinal plants play a key role in well-being of 80% of the world’s population for their primary health benefits [1]
The medicinal plants have strong antioxidant activity and may help to protect the cells against the oxidative damage caused by free radicals
Leaf extract found to possess effective glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity 12.55±0.49 μ moles of CDNB-GSH conjugate/min/g. These results are in accordance with the enzymic antioxidants in the seed and leaf samples of Syzygium cumini and Momordica charantia [16]
Summary
Medicinal plants play a key role in well-being of 80% of the world’s population for their primary health benefits [1]. The medicinal plants have strong antioxidant activity and may help to protect the cells against the oxidative damage caused by free radicals. These free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide play an essential role in the progress of various ailments such as arthritis, asthma, dementia, carcinoma, and Parkinson’s disease [2]. C. cujete is a smooth, much-branched tree growing to a height of 4–5 m. Branches are arching with close-set clusters of leaves and lanceolate with the more pointed end of the base, 5–17 cm long and glossy at the upper surface [4]
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