Abstract
Leptadenia hastata and Anisopus mannii – are perennial plants of family Asclepiadaceae. They are widely distributed in West Africa and are locally used as anti-diabetic agents in Northern Nigeria. This study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical constituent and antibacterial activity of the crude ethanol extract of the Leptadenia hastata and Anisopus mannii against some bacterial isolates from diabetic wound. The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard protocol and antibacterial activity was determined by agar well diffusion method followed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on the plant extract that showed activity. Result of phytochemical screening reveals the present of tannins, phenols, flavonols, saponins, and alkaloids in all the plants extract except in Anisopus mannii where alkaloid is absent. Also, result from antibacterial activity of leptadenia hastata demonstrated inhibition zones ranging from 11.5±0.71 to 20.0±0.00 at various concentrations (8mg/ml and 4mg/ml) against the tested organisms (Citrobacter specie, E.coli, Proteus vulgaris.) with MIC and MBC values ranging from 2mg/ml-8mg/ml. Hence, the ethanol extract of Leptadenia hastata can be considered as new therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetic wound infection. Further studies need to be carried out to investigate toxicological effect and diabetic wound healing property of the plant.
Highlights
Leptadenia hastate (Pers.) Decne known as Yadiya in Hausa language is a widely distributed tropical African herb used as vegetable
The mean zone of inhibition of the extracts are shown in table 2, it can be observed that the extract of Leptadenia hastate exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activity against all the tested organisms
The antibacterial effect of Leptadenia hastata against E.coli and Proteous specie was in conformity to the study of Ali et al (2019)who reported the inhibitory effect of ethanolic leaves extract of leptadenia hastata against some gastro-intestinal isolates
Summary
Leptadenia hastate (Pers.) Decne known as Yadiya in Hausa language is a widely distributed tropical African herb used as vegetable. Local healers in Burkina Faso used the plants for trypanosomiasis, skin diseases and wound healing (Haruna et al, 2017). Antidiabetic, anti-inflamatory and in vitro wound healing effect of the plant were validated (Thomas, 2012). The folkloric use of Anisopus mannii as antidiabetic plant is common in northern Nigeria (Sani et al, 2019) the name ‘kashe zaki’ meaning ‘sweat killer’. The use of medicinal plants to cure various human ailments is widely practiced in the world (Kumar, 2016). With rich source of phytochemicals, plant kingdom provide relief against several health complications such as heart attack, cancer, diabetes, malaria, jaundice, wound healing, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, helminthiases throughout the world (Swargiary,2017).
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