Abstract
The leading purpose of this work is the development of efficient culture conditions to induce calli from cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) under in vitro conditions. The mature seeds were surface sterilized with combinations of different concentrations of ethanol and NaOCl in different time durations and were germinated on MS basal medium. The results revealed that the best sterilization method of cabbage seeds was by using 70% ethanol for one minute, followed by 15 min in 2% (NaOCl). Seedlings were used as donor sources for hypocotyls, cotyledon leaves, true leaves, and shoot tip explants. These explants were cultured on different combinations of cytokinins (TDZ, BAP, Ad) and auxins (IAA, NAA, 2, 4-D) then implanted in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. 4 weeks after culturing, a significant difference was found among the explants in response to plant hormones. The maximum percentage of callus induction (100%) was using the combinations of 1 BAP + 1 2, 4-D, 1 BAP + 1 NAA, and 1 BAP + 2 2,4-D mg. l-1. In addition, explants responses varied and the hypocotyls showed a superior result (85.71 %) as compared to other explants. For callus fresh weight, the combination of 0.22 TDZ + 79.9 Ad mg. l-1 had a significant effect, causing the highest fresh weight (0.2745g), while control treatment gave the lowest mean of 0.0066 g. Data showed that cotyledon explants were significantly superior in giving highest callus fresh weight with the mean of 0.1723 g. On the other hand, hypocotyl explants gave the lowest mean, reaching 0.1542 g.
Highlights
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) belongs to the family of Brassicaceae
The main objective of the current study is to test the ability of cabbage explants for callus induction under the influence of different growth regulators using a native cultivar of Brassica oleracea var. capitata L
Seeds sterilization and germination According to the outcomes of surface sterilization and seed germination in Table 3, the highest contamination percentage (100%) was found at control (D.D water) treatment, while lower (0%) contamination percentage was found at 70% ethanol 1min+2% NaOCl 15 min
Summary
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) belongs to the family of Brassicaceae. It is one of the most common vegetables grown worldwide and often referred to as green cabbage to distinguish it from red cabbage, which has the same scientific name [1]. Cruciferae family is one of the largest families in the plant kingdom, which is famous as a source of medicinal plants as well as its nutritional properties It includes 338 genera and 3350 species that are distributed worldwide [2]. The parts of Brassica plants that are used as food and medicine include root, shoot, stem, leaves, leaf buds, flower buds, florets, inflorescence, seeds, seed oil, and callus. These plants are very rich in a variety of nutrients, such as carbohydrates, lipids, protein, vitamins, and minerals, along with phytochemical components of medicinal value [6]. The main objective of the current study is to test the ability of cabbage explants for callus induction under the influence of different growth regulators using a native cultivar of Brassica oleracea var. capitata L
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