In vitro effects of Coriandrum sativum, Tagetes minuta, Alpinia zerumbet and Lantana camara essential oils on Haemonchus contortus

Iara Tersia Freitas Macedo,Selene Maia De Morais,Jessica Maria Leite Dos Santos,Claudia Maria Leal Bevilaqua,Haroldo Cesar Beserra De Paula,Lorena Mayana Beserra De Oliveira,Ana Lourdes Fernandes Camurça-Vasconcelos,Wesley Lyeverton Correia Ribeiro

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612013000400004

Iara Tersia Freitas Macedo, Selene Maia De Morais + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000400004

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Abstract

Phytotherapy can be an alternative for the control of gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants. This study evaluated the efficacy of Alpinia zerumbet, Coriandrum sativum, Tagetes minuta and Lantana camara essential oils by two in vitro assays on Haemonchus contortus, an egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT). No effect was observed for L. camara in the EHT. A. zerumbet, C. sativum and T. minuta essential oils exhibited a dose-dependent effect in the EHT, inhibiting 81.2, 99 and 98.1% of H. contortus larvae hatching, respectively, at a concentration of 2.5 mg mL-1. The effective concentration to inhibit 50% (EC50) of egg hatching was 0.94, 0.63 and 0.53 mg mL-1 for A. zerumbet, C. sativum and T. minuta essential oils, respectively. In LDT, L. camara, A. zerumbet, C. sativum and T. minuta at concentration of 10 mg mL-1 inhibited 54.9, 94.2, 97.8 and 99.5% of H. contortus larval development, presenting EC50 values of 6.32, 3.88, 2.89 and 1.67 mg mL-1, respectively. Based on the promising results presented in this in vitro model, it may be possible use of these essential oils to control gastrointestinal nematodes. However, their anthelmintic activity should be confirmed in vivo.

Highlights

Parasitic nematodes are a major threat to livestock production worldwide leading to huge economic losses (ADEMOLA; ELLOF, 2010), because of the support treatments and increased manpower that the infected animals require and because of the high mortality rate within flocks, especially in small ruminants (DIEHL et al, 2004)
This study evaluated the efficacy of Alpinia zerumbet, Coriandrum sativum, Tagetes minuta and Lantana camara essential oils by two in vitro assays on Haemonchus contortus, an egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT)
This study verified the presence of biologically active compounds that had ovicidal effect on H. contortus in the essential oils of A. zerumbet, C. sativum and T. minuta

Summary

Introduction

Parasitic nematodes are a major threat to livestock production worldwide leading to huge economic losses (ADEMOLA; ELLOF, 2010), because of the support treatments and increased manpower that the infected animals require and because of the high mortality rate within flocks, especially in small ruminants (DIEHL et al, 2004). Control by anthelmintics has presented problems, such as the development of resistance in nematodes, the poor availability and high cost of commercial products, especially to low income farmers in developing countries, and increasing concern over the risk of environmental contamination because the presence of drug residues in animal products when pure compounds are administered (WALLER, 2006). These concerns have led to the search for and evaluation of alternative control methods (ATHANASIADOU et al, 2001). Haemonchus contortus, a highly pathogenic and one of the most prevalent nematode parasite, has been used by researchers to evaluate the anthelmintic effects of plants in small ruminants (EGUALE et al, 2011)

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