Abstract
Background: Interferons (IFNs), signaling proteins produced by host cells, are secreted in response to pathogen activity as well as to tumor cells, and display antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects. Recombinant feline interferon omega (rFeIFN-ω) has in vitro growth inhibition activities on various canine and feline tumor cell lines. Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is used as an animal model for immunotherapy due to its specific growth phase. Previous studies have usually focused on the interaction between tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CTVT cells. However, the specific effects of rFeIFN-ω on CTVT cells remains poorly defined.Aims: The aims of this study, therefore, were to evaluate the in vitro effect of rFeIFN-ω on primary CTVT cells and to study the mRNA expression of apoptotic genes and drug resistance genes.Materials and Methods: Purified CTVT cells were treated with various concentrations of rFeIFN-ω and the viability of the cultured cells was ascertained at 24, 48, and 72 h post treatment (hpt) and a dose-response curve plotted. The mRNA expression of apoptotic (BAX and BCL-2) and drug resistance (ABCB1 and ABCG2) genes was performed by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR at 72 hpt.Results: rFeIFN-ω displayed an effect against CTVT cell viability, which decreasing viability in a dose-dependent manner within 72 hpt. The relative mRNA expression of BCL-2 was upregulated only at a rFeIFN-ω concentration of 104 IU/100 μl. However, higher concentrations of rFeIFN-ω gave a higher level of relative mRNA expression of ABCB1 transporter gene.Conclusion: This study provided the information of in vitro effect of rFeIFN-ω on CTVT cell viability in a dose dependent manner, as well as, the alteration of BCL-2 and ABCB1 gene expression after treatment. These results encourage future in vivo studies to evaluate the potential efficacy of this treatment in CTVT cases.
Highlights
Interferons (IFNs) are signaling proteins produced by host cells and play a role in immunological responses to various stimuli or inducers, such as viruses
The Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT)-bearing dog was treated with six administrations of vincristine sulfate over 8 weeks and neutered 1 month after complete remission
At 24 hpt, the viability of the CTVT cells had slightly decreased when treated with higher concentrations of rFeIFN-ω, with a viability of CTVT cells of 81.9, 82.6, 71.1, 63.3, and 65.5% at rFeIFN-ω concentrations of 103, 104, 105, 106, and 2 × 106 IU/100 μl, respectively, when compared with the control cells (100%), but was only significantly different for the higher rFeIFN-ω concentrations of 106 and 2 × 106 IU/100 μl (Figure 1A)
Summary
Interferons (IFNs) are signaling proteins (cytokines) produced by host cells and play a role in immunological responses to various stimuli or inducers, such as viruses. Besides their antiviral activity, IFNs have an antiproliferative capacity, anti-inflammatory potential and immunomodulatory effects. The type II IFN (IFNII) or immune interferon, comprised of only IFN-γ, increases the expression of MHC on antigen presenting cells, modulates B-lymphocyte responses and activates NK cells. Interferons (IFNs), signaling proteins produced by host cells, are secreted in response to pathogen activity as well as to tumor cells, and display antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects. The specific effects of rFeIFN-ω on CTVT cells remains poorly defined
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