Abstract
Objective: To evaluate in vitro the effect of erosive challenge and continuous immersion in cola drink on surface microhardness of orthodontic composites. Material and Methods: Forty samples of three composites (Transbond XT, Quick Cure and Ortho Cem) were prepared (4 x 2 mm) and distributed into 4 groups (n=10): erosive challenge, artificial saliva immersion (control 1), continuous cola immersion and artificial saliva immersion (control 2). Erosive challenge was performed 4 times per day (5 min) in cola drink for 2 h in artificial saliva for 7 days. Samples of continuous cola immersion group were soaked in cola drink for 5 weeks and the beverage was renewed every two days. Control samples were immersed in artificial saliva for 7 days (control 1) and 5 weeks (control 2). Vickers microhardness (VHN) measurements were performed before and after erosive challenge and continuous immersion. Data were evaluated by paired Student’s T-test, ANOVA one-way and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Results: After 7 days of erosive challenge, there was no statistical difference between VHN values before and after erosive challenge and artificial saliva immersion. However, after 5 weeks of cola drink and artificial saliva immersion, significant reduction in VHN values was observed for all composites when compared to baseline values, and specimens immersed in cola drink showed lower VHN compared to those immersed in saliva, regardless of composite composition. Conclusion: After 7 days of erosive challenge, there was no alteration in superficial VHN of orthodontic composites. However, after 5 weeks of immersion in cola drink, significant reduction of VHN values was observed for all composites.
Highlights
Dental erosion is the irreversible loss of tooth surface without bacterial involvement [1].The etiological factors involved in dental erosion are considered extrinsic and intrinsic [1,2]
After 5 weeks of cola drink and artificial saliva immersion, significant reduction in Vickers microhardness (VHN) values was observed for all composites when compared to baseline values, and specimens immersed in cola drink showed lower VHN compared to those immersed in saliva, regardless of composite composition
After 7 days of erosive challenge, no statistical difference was observed between VHN values before and after erosive challenge (p=0.75) and artificial saliva immersion (p=0.82) (Table 2)
Summary
Dental erosion is the irreversible loss of tooth surface without bacterial involvement [1]. The etiological factors involved in dental erosion are considered extrinsic (acid exposure by diet) and intrinsic (acid reflux, anorexia and bulimia nervosa) [1,2]. The acids present in foods and drinks are considered the major etiological factors for the development of erosive lesions in enamel [3]. The prevalence of dental caries has decreased in the last years, but an increase in the consumption of soft drinks, sports drinks and wine has been observed, which has led to the appearing of dental erosion [6]. The reduced pH of the oral environmental due to the consumption of acidic beverages can cause demineralization of enamel around brackets, which can interfere in their retention to enamel [6,7]
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