IN VITRO DIRECT AND INDIRECT PROPAGATION OF BLACKBERRY (RUBUS SP.)

Abstract

In vitro direct and indirect propagation of blackberry (Rubus sp.) were studied. Blackberry explants are easily oxidized, so the uses of the running tap water for washing about one hour before sterilization allowed avoiding the oxidation. The disinfection process was represented using different concentrations of Clorox (10, 15, 20%) with exposure times (5 and 10 min.), the best treatment being achieved by the concentration of (10% for 5 min.) for shoot tips and (5% for 5min) for leaves disinfectant. A normal growth and development occurred only in the BA of the multiplication, but at Kin or TDZ decreased in the shoots growth was induced. Maximum volume of callus induction and callus % were produced at TDZ or 2mg/l NAA or 2,4-D each alone from leaf explants. Addition of 2.0mg/l TDZ into media increased the callus induction from in vitro leaves than ex vitro leaves and having the best response. The highest responses of organogenesis obtained from In-vitro leaves than ex vitro leaves. The increased rooting of shoots appeared when MS reduced to ½ salts strength and produced highest leaves number, plant length (cm) and roots number. While, MS reduced to ¼ salts strength resulted in tallest of roots (2.72 cm). The rooting of plants derived from ½ MS salt strength medium give highest leaves number, plant length, roots number and roots length than other strengths of MS after two months from acclimatization in greenhouses.