In vitro digestibility and colonic fermentability of aleurone isolated from wheat bran

Abstract

Two aleurone preparations, isolated from wheat bran, with different levels of tissue purity, were compared to the wheat bran starting material. Chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in vitro fermentability were investigated and microscopy was used to visualize morphological changes. Arabinoxylans constituted the main part of the dietary fibre fraction. However, the degree of branching was found to be lower in arabinoxylans from aleurone than in that from original bran. Due to the high fibre content, in vitro digestibility was rather low but digestible compounds were largely eliminated. In vitro fermentability using fresh human faecal material turned out to be higher in aleurone than in wheat bran. Moreover, the degree of purity of the aleurone preparations influenced the amount of fermentation products. Proportions of the main short chain fatty acids were very similar in all samples, with ratios of propionate and butyrate slightly above average compared to other dietary fibre sources. Arabinoxylans from aleurone were virtually completely degraded within 8 h, whereas with wheat bran, substantial amounts were still present after 24 h. Moreover, increasing arabinose:xylose ratios during fermentation suggested a better fermentability of arabinoxylans with a lower branching degree. Microscopic investigations confirmed the better fermentability of aleurone compared to wheat bran. In addition, a specific breakdown pattern of aleurone cell walls could be observed.