Abstract
Ebola virus disease is dangerous viral infection, occurring in the form of hemorrhagic fever, characterized by acute clinical symptoms and high mortality rate due to multiple organ failure. Ebola virus natural foci are located in forested areas of the central and western parts of Africa. It was believed for many years, the incidence of Ebola virus disease has been sporadic and the burden of it is true only in endemic areas. However, the unprecedented Ebola epidemic caused by Zaire virus in 2013 — 2016, has significantly changed our understanding of this disease and the patterns of its distribution. We have also identified weaknesses in the organization of anti-epidemic measures, the effectiveness of which was not very effective at the onset of the epidemic, in particular due to weak development of in vitro diagnostics (IVD). However, during the elimination of the epidemic in West Africa, anti-epidemic system has been modified substantially, largely due to quickly developed IVD kits. This review is devoted to analysis of trends in IVD for Ebola virus disease based on the experience obtained in the course of the West-African epidemic in 2013 — 2016.
Highlights
Лихорадка Эбола — особо опасная вирусная инфекция, протекающая в виде геморрагической лихорадки, характеризующейся острым течением и высокой летальностью, обусловленной полиорганной недостаточностью и развитием инфекционно-токсического шока
Ebola virus natural foci are located in forested areas of the central and western parts of Africa
It was believed for many years, the incidence of Ebola virus disease has been sporadic and the burden of it is true only in endemic areas
Summary
Лихорадка Эбола — особо опасная вирусная инфекция, протекающая в виде геморрагической лихорадки, характеризующейся острым течением и высокой летальностью, обусловленной полиорганной недостаточностью и развитием инфекционно-токсического шока. Однако острая необходимость диктовала свои условия, вследствие чего за короткий промежуток времени было разработано большое количество как коммерчески доступных наборов для диагностики лихорадки Эбола, так и in house диагностикумов, основанных на различных методологических подходах. В настоящее время существует большое количество серологических протоколов для диагностики лихорадки Эбола, главным образом, в формате ИФА.
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