Abstract
The occurrence of zearalenone is considered a major risk factor affecting human and animal health worldwide. Zearalenone-contaminated feed can cause serious disorders and diseases in farm animals. A number of approaches have been developed to counteract zearalenone, but only few can be used. A potential approach to protecting animals against the harmful effects of zearalenone-contaminated feed is the use of substances to reduce zearalenone contamination of feed. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different absorbents in zearalenone-contaminated feed via in vitro bionic digestion. The results revealed that three types of absorbents exhibit improved effects. More than 50% of zearalenone is absorbed during digestion. Specifically, KLX (the main component is yeast cell wall), absorbed 83% of the zearalenone in the contaminated feed after bionic digestion in vitro. Monogastric animal bionic digestion is a rapid and physiologically relevant method to evaluate the efficacy of adsorbent materials in binding mycotoxins. The technique can be used to pre-screen the mycotoxin/adsorbent combinations as an alternative to animal experiments.
Highlights
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium graminearium and Fusarium culmorum found in various host plant-soil debris worldwide, causing hyperestrogenism and related toxicoses in farm animals and humans
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates that at least 25% of cereal production worldwide is contaminated with mycotoxins (Dowling, 1997)
ZEN is the major Fusarium mycotoxin that occurs in cereal grains, animal feeds, and forages worldwide
Summary
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium graminearium and Fusarium culmorum found in various host plant-soil debris worldwide, causing hyperestrogenism and related toxicoses in farm animals and humans. ZEN is present as a contaminant in cereals such as maize, barley, wheat, rice, oats, rye, and sorghum (Pittet, 1998; Tanaka et al, 1988), as well as in processed cereal-based food such as flakes and bread (Betina, 1989; Aziz et al, 1997), corn pancakes (Groves et al, 1999), and beer (Martin & Keen, 1978; Okoye, 1987). The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates that at least 25% of cereal production worldwide is contaminated with mycotoxins (Dowling, 1997). ZEN is the major Fusarium mycotoxin that occurs in cereal grains, animal feeds, and forages worldwide. Spontaneous outbreaks of Fusarium mycotoxins have been reported in Europe, Asia, New Zealand, and South America (D’Mello et al, 1999)
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