In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Study: Cell Viability and Cell Morphology of Carbon Nanofibrous Scaffold/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites.

Asmaa M. Abd El-Aziz,Andrea Ewald,Azza El-Maghraby,Sherif H. Kandil

doi:10.3390/molecules26061552

Abstract

Electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs), which were modified with hydroxyapatite, were fabricated to be used as a substrate for bone cell proliferation. The CNFs were derived from electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers after two steps of heat treatment: stabilization and carbonization. Carbon nanofibrous (CNF)/hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites were prepared by two different methods; one of them being modification during electrospinning (CNF-8HA) and the second method being hydrothermal modification after carbonization (CNF-8HA; hydrothermally) to be used as a platform for bone tissue engineering. The biological investigations were performed using in-vitro cell counting, WST cell viability and cell morphology after three and seven days. L929 mouse fibroblasts were found to be more viable on the hydrothermally-modified CNF scaffolds than on the unmodified CNF scaffolds. The biological characterizations of the synthesized CNF/HA nanofibrous composites indicated higher capability of bone regeneration.

Highlights

To regulate the actions of cells, tissue engineering (TE) uses physical, chemical, biological, and engineering processes
Rough surface is favorable for cell growth when it comes in contact with a living system in tissue engineering for both invitro and invivo studies [13]
The hydrothermally prepared nanofibrous sheet has a higher ratio of HA that improves surface hydrophilicity and stimulates osteogenic properties [21]

Summary

Introduction

To regulate the actions of cells, tissue engineering (TE) uses physical, chemical, biological, and engineering processes. The field of regenerative medicine (RM) is defined as the application of TE and is related to the principles of biology and engineering that restore the structure and function of damaged tissues and organs [1]. This involves in vivo, and in vitro functional tissue generation ideal for various purposes, such as drug testing, disease models, including cell/tissue/organ one-chip approaches [2]. Cell activity, including cell adhesion, morphology, proliferation, and differentiation, is influenced by the surface topography of the scaffolds [3]. The behavior of the cells has been found to be modulated by their microenvironments, such as soluble factors, neighboring cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition for cell adhesion [3]

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