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Abstract
BackgroundAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a lethal zoonosis caused by the fox-tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. The disease is difficult to treat and an effective therapeutic drug is urgently needed. Reliable models are essential for drug development. In this study, we developed both in vitro and in vivo models of larval E. multilocularis.ResultsThe protoscoleces (PSC) of E. multilocularis from jirds were successfully cultured in a modified RPMI1640 based medium containing 25 % (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS). After 100 days of culture, PSC developed to larval vesicles (small unilocular cysts) and the fast growing vesicles produced PSC in brood capsules. In addition, mice were intraperitoneally injected with 30 cultured small vesicles and 100 % of the mice had resulting metacestode masses.ConclusionsLarval protoscoleces and vesicles of E. multilocularis grow healthily in vitro in the RPMI1640 based medium containing 25 % FBS. Echinococcus multilocularis in vitro and in vivo models provide a valuable platform for investigating the biology of the parasite and screening effective therapeutic drugs against AE.
Highlights
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a lethal zoonosis caused by the fox-tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis
Collection of protoscoleces and in vitro cultivation Mongolian jirds were infected with PSC of E. multilocularis for 4–8 months, and those with a heavy infection were sacrificed with CO2 anaesthesia
The sequence alignment showed 99.8 % identity to the sequence of an E. multilocularis isolate collected in Kazakhstan
Summary
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a lethal zoonosis caused by the fox-tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. We developed both in vitro and in vivo models of larval E. multilocularis. The disease is caused by the fox-tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis, which occurs in most areas of the northern hemisphere [2, 3]. When an AE patient feels ill and requests to see a doctor, it is normally at a late stage. In this late stage, the parasite causes liver damage through its production of an infiltrating structure consisting of numerous small vesicles embedded in stroma of connective tissue, which makes surgical resection difficult and secondary re-infection often occurs [7].
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