Abstract
Tissue culture biotechnology has been widely used to produce secondary metabolites. Anthocyanin as the secundary metabolic content in Dragon Fruits was thought to be able to liberate free radicals and have pharmacological activities as antioxidants and anti-aging. Anthocyanin can be produced in vitrothrough callus production by tissue culture. The study aims to produce callus cultures that have the potensial to produce secondary metabolites. This research was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory. The study used a completely randomized design method with a factorial pattern. Factor 1 : Type of explants ( M1): Explants from young shoots; (M2) Explants from dragon fruit callus. Factor II: The number of explant each culture tube. There are J1,J2, 3 and J4 with (1;2;3;4 explants in each culture tube. Murashige and Skoog + 15 % sucrose were used as media culture. The results of study showed that: callus began to form at 7 weeks after planting. (1) MS Media with the addition of 15 % sucrose had a significant effect on increasing the anthocyanin content in the callus of Dragon fruit formed. (2) Callus formed from Shoot Dragon fruit contain Anthocyanin 0,74 % ; (3) The Callus formed from Shoot and callus Dragon Fruits contain secondary martabolites of Anthocyanins ranging from 0,68%–0,76%. The highest Anthocyanin content (0,76%) was produced in treatmant J3 ( 3 Explant each culture tube)
Highlights
(2) Callus formed from Shoot Dragon fruit contain Anthocyanin 0,74 % ; (3) The Callus formed from Shoot and callus Dragon Fruits contain secondary martabolites of Anthocyanins ranging from 0,68%–0,76%
With the developpment of biotechnology; secondary metabolite can be produced in Vitro with Tissue culture technology. (Rahmawati, 2006) reported thatatissue culture techniques have been widely used in pharmaceutical field to produced secondary metabolites in larger quantities in short time for medical purposes
Indarwati et al (2020) in her research reported that Murashige and Skoog (MS) Media manipulation with addition of a sucrose elicitor in callus culture succeeded in incresing the Anthocyanin content in Dragon fruit callus formed
Summary
The content of anthocyanins in fruit has pharmacological activity as an antioxidant and anti-aging With the developpment of biotechnology; secondary metabolite can be produced in Vitro with Tissue culture technology. Mahmudah (2021) added that tissue culture is an alternative technology that can be used to produce secondary metabolites. W. Qurotin (2021), reported that in vitro tissue culture technology could be used to produce papain from papaya leaf callus; callus formed from sliced papaya varieties ( California, Bangkok and Gantung) contain papain in range (11.06 % - 19.5%). Indarwati et al (2020) in her research reported that MS Media manipulation with addition of a sucrose elicitor in callus culture succeeded in incresing the Anthocyanin content in Dragon fruit callus formed.
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