Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the micropropagation of blackberry (Rubus spp.) cultivars, after in vitro conservation under minimal growth conditions. Nodal segments of the 'Guarani', 'Caingangue', 'Ébano', and 'Xavante' genotypes were conserved under minimal growth conditions at 20ºC, for 15 months. Microshoots were regenerated and multiplied by up to five successive subcultures, when they were rooted and acclimatized. After 30 days of acclimatization in a greenhouse, rooted plantlets showed no significant losses. Blackberry cultivars can be conserved in vitro for 15 months, without subcultures and, after this time, they can be micropropagated on a large-scale, maintaining the regenerative potential and multiplication.
Highlights
Conservação in vitro de cultivares de amoreira-preta em condições de crescimento mínimo e subsequente micropropagação em larga escala
Conservation under minimal growth conditions is a technique for in vitro cultivation aimed at reducing the cellular metabolism, in order to increase the time between subcultures
Shoot formation and multiplication rate generally had significantly higher averages in the last subcultivation, showing that carrying out five subcultures in the micropropagation of blackberry is possible, without affecting the multiplication rates thereof. This fact contradict Vujović et al (2012), who claim that during in vitro propagation of nodal segments, a decrease of potential shoot growth can be seen in the last subcultures due to successive cuttings, and to the cumulative effect of cytokinins, which, over time, can cause damage to the tissues in cultivation
Summary
Hugo Teixeira Gomes(1), Patrícia Monah Cunha Bartos(1), Maíra Teixeira de Andrade(1), Raphael Ferreira Almeida(1), Luciana Florencio de Lacerda(1) and Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira(2). The starting explants used were nodal segments of approximately 1.0 cm length, containing two axillary buds, of the following blackberry genotypes already established in vitro: – 'Guarani', 'Caingangue', 'Ébano', and 'Xavante'. In vitro conservation was carried out starting from the inoculation of these explants in test tubes (25x150 mm) containing 10 mL MS culture medium, with salt concentrations reduced by half and supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose; the test tubes were closed with plastic stoppers, and sealed with transparent plastic film During this stage, the explants were cultivated up to 15 months in a growth chamber at 20±2oC, in light-dark periods of 12/12 hours, and luminous radiation of 30 mmol m-2 s-1 supplied by cold-white fluorescent lamps. For the number of roots, no significant differences were found among the studied genotypes. Reed (1993) observed that in in vitro germplasm conservation of Rubus under minimal growth induction, the morphogenesis and development of the cultivations significantly varied
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