Abstract
Background/Purpose. The biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of formaldehyde and monomer are essential in resin-based denture’s byproducts. This present study was performed to compare the release of formaldehyde and monomer and biocompatibility of three brands of heat-curing acrylic resins, including Ivoclar, Bayer, and Acropars, with different mixing properties and the same processing methods. Materials and Methods. In this experimental in vitro study, 18 samples were fabricated from Ivoclar, Bayer, and Acropars heat-curing acrylic resins (each group consisting of 6 samples). The released formaldehyde and monomer level were measured and registered for 1, 7, and 30 days. Also, methyl methacrylate release from samples was used to test cell cytotoxicity using L-929 murine fibroblast. The data were analyzed with repeated measures, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results. For formaldehyde release of 1 day, Ivoclar acrylic resin showed the lowest level, followed by Bayer and Acropars acrylic resins ( P < 0.05 ). On 7 and 30 days, Bayer acrylic resin released the lowest formaldehyde, followed by Ivoclar and Acropars acrylic resins ( P < 0.05 ). Acropars showed the weakest and most significant results regarding biocompatibility and monomer release in all three points of time, respectively ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Acropars acrylic resin showed the most significant formaldehyde and monomer release and least biocompatibility compared to Bayer and Ivoclar for 1, 7, and 30 days; however, after 30 days, all three resins displayed the same amount of formaldehyde release.
Highlights
Over the last decade, advances in dental material science have promoted the expectations of dentists and patients about the safety and efficiency of dental products [1]
Statistical analysis by the two-way repeated-measure ANOVA revealed a significant difference between Acropars and two other groups considering the effect of time and resin on formaldehyde release for 1 and 7 days (P < 0.05)
One-way ANOVA showed that Acropars resin exhibited the highest level of formaldehyde release for 1, 7, and 30 days. e difference of Acropars formaldehyde release compared to Bayer and Ivoclar was significant (P < 0.05) for 1 and 7 days, while the difference between 3 groups was not significant (P > 0.05) for 30 days
Summary
Advances in dental material science have promoted the expectations of dentists and patients about the safety and efficiency of dental products [1]. There are several kinds of acrylic resins in the dental market, and each of them shows some advantages and disadvantages [2]. Most denture bases are made from heat-cured acrylic resins [3]. Polymethyl methacrylate (MMA) resin has been widely used to manufacture many dental materials for a long time [2]. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering acrylates have many advantages over cold-polymerized materials due to almost complete polymerization and better biological properties [3, 4]. One of the significant concerns about using MMA resins for denture base fabrication is the release of byproducts such as formaldehyde and monomer into the oral environment [5]. E residual monomer is the primary substance eluting from the acrylate denture base [6] One of the significant concerns about using MMA resins for denture base fabrication is the release of byproducts such as formaldehyde and monomer into the oral environment [5]. e residual monomer is the primary substance eluting from the acrylate denture base [6]
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