In Vitro Comparison of Biocompatibility of Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers.

Ju Kyung Lee,Sukjoon Lee,Euiseong Kim,Hyeon-Cheol Kim,Sunil Kim

doi:10.3390/ma12152411

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of three calcium silicate-based sealers (EndoSeal MTA, Nano-ceramic Sealer, and Wellroot ST) and two epoxy resin-based sealers (AH-Plus, AD Seal) on various aspects, such as cell viability, inflammatory response, and osteogenic potential, of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). AH-Plus showed the lowest cell viability on hPDLSCs in all time periods in fresh media. In set media, hPDLSCs showed no significant differences in cell viability among all the tested materials. Wellroot ST showed the highest level of cell adhesion and the morphology of attached cells. AH-plus presented a significantly higher expression of IL-6 and IL-8 than the other sealers. AD Seal and three calcium silicate sealers showed high expression of the mesenchymal stem cell markers. ALP mRNA expression showed a significant increase in time-dependent manner on all of three calcium silicate-based sealers, which do not seem to interfere with the differentiation of hPDLSCs into osteoblasts. Based on the results from this study, calcium silicate-based sealers appear to be more biocompatible and less cytotoxic than epoxy resin-based sealers. Meanwhile, further and long-term clinical follow-up studies are required.

Highlights

Three-dimensional obturation of the root canal system is an important step in root canal treatment [1]
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of three calcium silicate-based sealers, EndoSeal MTA, Nano-ceramic Sealer, and Wellroot ST on various aspects, such as cell viability, inflammatory response, and osteogenic potential, of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs)
The explants were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin

Summary

Introduction

Three-dimensional obturation of the root canal system is an important step in root canal treatment [1]. In the traditional canal obturation techniques, gutta-percha has been used as the main canal filling material, and root canal sealer has been used as an auxiliary/complementary material [2,3]. The contemporary concept of canal obturation has been changed with advancement of root canal sealer and its simplified application method [3]. Introduced calcium silicate or bioceramic-based sealers are suggesting the single cone technique, which may permit more sealers than the conventional techniques, and this technique is changing the paradigm of root canal filling procedure [3,4]. The contact between the root canal wall and the filling material is terminated at the physiologic apical foramen area [2]. The sealer is open extruded over the apex in practice

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