Abstract
In this research, the biological activities of five plant extracts from family Apiaceae; Italian Parsley ( Petroselinum neapolitanum ), Fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare), Celery ( Apium graveolens ), Cilantro ( Coriandrum sativum ) and Dill ( Anethum graveolens ), were studied. Antiproliferative effect of eleven ethanol crude extracts was tested in Human Cervical (Hela) cancer cells. Results clearly demonstrated that all plant extracts showed high significant difference when compared to the negative control (DMSO).Parsley leaves extract, cilantro leaves extract and cilantro stems extract showed no significant difference with the positive control (Actinomycin D). As for, fennel bulb extracts, fennel stalks extracts, celery stems gave better results than the positive control with no significant difference through the 24, 48 and 72 h treatment. There were no significant difference between Fennel extracts and the positive control, which showed high effect on the cancer cells survival. There were no significant difference between both extracts of Cilantro leaves and stems through each time but the best result was after 72 h of treatments. Regarding Dill leaves and stems, cell numbers recorded no significant difference between the both on time dependent manner. Further investigation for ethanolic extracts of parsley leaves, fennel bulb, fennel stalks, celery stems, cilantro leaves and cilantro stems which showed better results than using the commercial drug Actinomycin D (25ml/ml) for 24 h treatment or less depending on concentrations manner. Also, further investigation on different types of cancer cell lines to avoid the toxic effect of chemotherapy.
Highlights
Nowadays, worldwide patients prefer natural extracts and folk medicine to avoid chemical toxic effect introduction into their bodies under extensive use of synthetic drugs, especially when it involves tumor with the numerous side effects of radiation and/or chemotherapy (Sharma et al, 2011; Taher et al, 2019)
There were no significant difference between Fennel and the positive control, which showed high effect on the cancer cells survival, and there were no significant difference through the three timings between fennel bulbs and fennel stalks extracts
With respect to Celery, it showed positive effect on the viability of cancer cells when compared with the commercial drug, with no significant difference between them based on time factor
Summary
Worldwide patients prefer natural extracts and folk medicine to avoid chemical toxic effect introduction into their bodies under extensive use of synthetic drugs, especially when it involves tumor with the numerous side effects of radiation and/or chemotherapy (Sharma et al, 2011; Taher et al, 2019). Between 2012 and 2018, countries with legal and regulatory framework for traditional and complementary medicine increased from 79 to 109 in number (WHO, 2019). On 2018, 124 countries (64% of WHO Member States) reported having laws/regulations on herbal medicines. Partial coverage was available for traditional and complementary medicine. The 2018 Declaration of Astana on Primary Health Care acknowledges the need to include traditional medical knowledge and technologies in the delivery of primary health care (WHO, 2019).
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