Abstract
The present study demonstrates that extracts of air pollution and emission from wood combustion contain relatively high concentrations of substances able to induce morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells. Samples corresponding to 1–2 m 3 ambient air from the center of Oslo and combustion from 1.5 mg burned wood per mL of incubation medium were shown to give response in the present transformation assay. The highest transforming activity following fractionation of emissions from wood burning was obtained in a fraction containing polar derivatives of polyaromatic hydrocarbons including aza-arenes and possibly aromatic amines and highly oxygenated compounds. The Syrian hamster embryo cell transformation assay has been found to respond to substaances with low or no genotoxic activity such as metal salts and tumor promoters, and may thus be a promising supplement to tests measuring genotoxic activity in studies of air pollutants.
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