In vitro bioaccessibility of Al, Cu, Cd, and Pb following simulated gastro-intestinal digestion and total content of these metals in different Brazilian brands of yerba mate tea

Abstract

Yerba mate tea contains various biochemically active substances. However, it can contain toxic metals. Thus, this work reports the total concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Al in the commercial products, as well as the concentrations in infusions prepared. The bioaccessibility of these metals in these infusions was determined for the first time by in vitro digestion. For Al, its bioaccessibility was estimated in the presence of other ingredients used in tea consumption. In addition, the concentrations of phenolic compounds in infusions were also determined. All metals studied were detected in the samples ranging from 76 ng g−1 (Cd) to 526 µg g−1 (Al). In general, Cd and Cu were the most bioaccessible metals, while Al was found in a relatively inert form. The addition of sugar and honey in infusions decreased the Al bioaccessibility. The relationship between the phenolic and the leaching of Al for the beverages was observed.